Infant dependency in humans may have lead to the common pattern that we see in humans of pair-bonding. It may be that this put a very strong selective pressure on male parental involvement, which lead to the formation of pair-bonds in humans.
婴儿依赖大人可能导致了我们人类的一夫一妻关系。这可能对父方的参与造成了非常强烈的选择性压力，导致人类一夫一妻关系的形成。
2148-2154
Hostess To study how pair-bonding happens, researchers have turned to a small, brown rodent, called [...]
There are dozens of hormones that have a variety of effects throughout a person’s life. Adrenalyne is a hormone, so is insulin, and so is testosterone, usually thought of as the male hormone, and estorgen, the female sex hormone.
在人的整个一生中，有很多种荷尔蒙会对他起各种各样的作用。肾上腺素是一种荷尔蒙，胰岛素也是，睾丸激素通常被认为是雄性的荷尔蒙，雌激素被认为是雌性的荷尔蒙。
1724-1755
David Crews M2（中年男）： on camera It’s very easy for people to underestimate the power of hormones. It’s very [...]
The garden’s glorious profusion, the shapes and fragrances of flowers, the riot of color, exist to promote pollination. Blooming, buzzing nature is pure, unadulterated sex, and sexes.
花园里花的数量，形状，香气和五彩缤纷促进了传粉。开花是地道十足的性和性行为。
1151-1158
Hostess Botanists talk about male and female plants, but the difference between them lies primarily in the size and function of their sex cells, their gametes.
植物学家讨论雌性和雄性植物，但是两者的区别主要在于它们的生殖细胞——它们的配子的形状和功能。
1200-1233
Richard Michod M1（青年男）： on camera We [...]
In the beginning, and for hundreds of millions of years, the earth’s seas were seething with multiplying molecules. There was no sex and nothing much changed for eons, until one day some simple cells exchanged genes, and changed the world — literally. Those simple cells that had sex, evolved.
在最初的几亿年中，地球上的海洋里活跃着不断繁殖的分子。没有性，而且这种情形在很长时间没有多大改变。直到有一天，一些简单的细胞交换了基因，从而改变了世界。那些简单的有性细胞进化形成。
0755-0757
Hostess It began with the first species that [...]
The answers to why and how males became the second sex are coming out of research into microscopic single-celled organisms, bacteria.
雄性为什么和怎样出现的答案来自对微小的单细胞生物体——细菌的研究。
0523-0540
David Crews M2（中年男）： We can do things to bacteria that we would never dream of doing to other organism. We can manipulate their mates, we can make them have sex with members of different species even, [...]
For human reproduction, it takes two identities and sex.This fact that it takes two organisms to produce one organism is really a paradox in biology, because it would be much simpler just for one organism to produce one organism — virgin birth, or to have females go about just cloning themselves and producing their offspring.
在生物学上，用两个生物体产生一个生物体是非常奇怪的，因为用一个生物体产生一个生物体要简单得多——单性生殖，或者说雌性进行无性生殖，产生后代。
0254-0256
Hostess Consider [...]
What we are, in large part, depends on our genes. It’s a hand we’re dealt when we’re born, and the cards we play our entire lives.
我们是什么，这主要由我们的基因决定。它是发给我们的一手牌，是我们玩整个一生的牌。
0100-0104
Hostess You can study as hard you can, but some people will be smarter.
你可以尽力用功学习，但是有些人会更聪明。
0106-0112
Hostess Work out as much as you want. Some people are born to be bigger, or prettier…
尽可能多地锻炼。有些人天生更高大，或者更漂亮。
0115-0121
Hostess or more artistic. [...]